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Nail Technician Diploma Award

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Module 11 : Nail Tips (French Manicure Nail Tips and Artificial Nail Tips with Acrylic)

Duration: Approx 90 minutes

Listen to the Module

By the end of this module, you will know:

What equipment you need

Guidance for creating great nail tips

How to apply artificial nail tips/acrylic

Maintenance

11.1: Introduction

Nail tips, otherwise known as the classic French manicure, are excellent for achieving that effortlessly chic look.

While they may at first seem simple, they require a steady hand and a lot of patience. Much of this patience is needed for the tips themselves, which must remain even on each finger for a uniform and professional look.

Applying nail tips is an excellent way to give your client a therapeutic experience. Unlike the rigid environment that acrylics and gels call for, tips are perfect for engaging in a little massage. In addition, it is worth noting that you can use nail tips on the toes too.

In sections 11.2 to 11.4 we first look at how to do French manicure nail tips, on natural nails.

In sections 11.5 and 11.6 we look at how to apply artificial nail tips with acrylic. This process is supported by a video at the end of the module.

11.2: Nail Tips/French Manicure: What Equipment do you Need?

Three different types of nail polish: base coat, white tip coat and top coat

An emery board, buffer and possibly clippers or nail scissors

Nail polish remover - acetone (ideally) or non-acetone

Moisturiser

Cuticle remover and a cuticle pusher

A UV lamp dryer (not entirely necessary, but it can speed the process up)

11.3: How Do you Do Nail Tips/French Manicure?

Preparing the hands and the nail plate

Wash the client's hands

Begin by preparing the client's hands with a hand wash/sanitiser. Washing the hands ensures there is no oil or residue that will interfere with a perfect application.

Remove any nail polish

Next, use the nail polish remover to remove any residue. As with other nail tasks, you should do this whether there is obviously nail polish there or not.

Shape the nails

You also need to shape the nails. Unlike normal manicures, there is a need to leave a little extra length. Doing this ensures that creating the tips is easier, and it also makes them more obvious and easier to flaunt.

Buff the nails

In addition to shaping the nails, you need to buff them a little. Make sure you do this all over, as it allows for you to make an even application. Try not to buff the cuticle, as this can make using cuticle remover more difficult.

Attend to the cuticles

Now apply cuticle remover. Using a cotton wool bud, apply a little to each of the cuticles, then move onto the next one so the remover on the previous one can soak in. Once you have done this, take the cuticle pusher and use it to move the cuticle backwards.

Try not to be too aggressive while you're doing this, as it can cause the barrier between the cuticle and the nail bed to break.

The aim is not to remove the cuticle altogether, you simply need to push it back so the nail looks neater.

Shaping the nails

Do you know what type of shape your clients want? Different shapes fall in and out of fashion, all the time.

It is useful to have a book of nail pictures to hand, so clients know exactly what you're referring to. Feel like being inventive? Then try and grab some pictures of celebrity nails; from magazines or online images.

To shape the nails, you first need to cut or clip them. Again, remember that tips need to be slightly more obvious than your average manicure, otherwise creating that all-important 'white smile' at the top is difficult.

Once you've reached a fairly uniform length across the nails, take your emery board or file and begin creating the shape. Remember to hold the file at a 45-degree angle so you do not cause any damage to the nail itself.

Once you are happy with the shape/length, check with the client to make sure they too are happy with your work. Remember, beauty is always subjective and the client is always right, which means it's for them to determine whether you've done the job right or not. When you have the client's approval, take a little time to buff and then wipe with nail polish remover to eliminate the sediment, in readiness for painting.

Painting the nails/creating the white tips

Start with the base coat. Depending on the client, this may require a glaringly obvious pink tinge that accentuates the natural colour of the nail bed, or they may want something that's slightly more beige and subtle. Going back to the need for pictures, it's handy to have some to illustrate. If you can't find any relevant images, practise on friends or other members of staff and produce a little book yourself.

After painting the base coat, leave nails to dry. Use a UV lamp if you have one – leaving to dry for 120-180 seconds.

Once this is done, you can create 'the smile' with the white nail polish. Fortunately, modern manicurists have access to paper guides, which you place just below the area where you want to create the white tip and use this to guide where the polish goes. Using the guides, create the white tips. Move slowly and don't rush, as the time you invest now into getting it right will lead to results that last. Leave nails under the UV lamp for 120-180 seconds and then remove, to add the top layer.

The top layer you use is simply a clear layer which is designed to seal the work you've already done. It adds the high shine that makes French tips look so refined, which means aiming for a high quality product is essential. Again, you need to place the nails under a UV lamp once you've applied the top coat, in order to dry properly.

What should you do if you do not have a UV lamp?

UV lamps are so easy to access these days, there really is no reason for not having one. While you can easily leave nails to dry without assistance, this is slow, which means it's a method that eats into your profits. Plus, some clients may be under time constraints and in a rush to get their manicures done.

However, if you do not have a UV lamp, it's a good idea to leave two to three minutes between coats. Be extra careful when applying the guides, as they can stick into gooey/tacky bases.

11.4: Creating Great Tips

Follow these steps to ensure that you always achieve a high quality result:

Make sure you buff the nails lightly every time and always use nail polish remover before and after doing this. This ensures you remove any sediment that could make your work uneven or sticky.

If you're moisturising the client's hands, take some time to remove the moisturiser from their nails too.

When applying the base coat, try not to be too liberal. Applying too much can lead to sticky tips, forcing you to start your work again.

Don't be afraid to give your clients some advice and guidance. Let them know that reapplying a top coat occasionally is a great way to make your work last between visits.

11.5: Artificial Nail Tips with Acrylic

Firstly you need to equip yourself with all the right kit.

If it is your first time, it is advisable to purchase a full acrylic nail kit, containing everything you need and detailed instructions about the process. If you believe acrylic manicures are something you want to invest in for the future, it is possible to purchase separate supplies of each thing (in larger quantities).

Specialist beauty supply stores often offer discounts for bulk buys. It is advisable to opt for good quality products and if you are buying things separately – go for the same brand - as mixing different brand can mean an unnecessary mix of chemicals and ingredients that are harsh for the nails, and may yield poorer results if not compatible

Some items on the kit list you may already have if you have performed a regular nail manicure at home (as well as the basics such as gloves and towels), but here is a list of items you will need:

Plastic gloves and plastic sheet to cover work area

Bowl and nail brush

Hand wash that does not contain moisturiser or conditioner

Nail varnish remover (with an acetone base)

Cuticle stick

Artificial nail tips (which can be clipped and filed to the length and shape you desire)

Nail tip glue (opt for a good quality one)

Acrylic/artificial nail clippers (rather than regular clippers)

Acrylic nail files (more effective than regular nail files for filing the plastic)

Nail primer

Acrylic liquid and powder (these will be mixed together to form a paste)

Thin tipped nail application brush

Nail varnish and any nail art decoration (such as gems and glitter)

11.6: How to Apply Artificial Tips with Acrylic

Once you have the equipment you need, prepare the area with everything to hand.

Wash the client's hands

Wash/sanitise your client's hands thoroughly and remove any dirt from under the nails with a nail brush. Remove old nail varnish, as acrylics should only be applied to clean, fresh nails.

Wash hands

Trim and file the nails

Trim the nails to ensure that they are in good condition as a base for the acrylics (use regular nail scissors or clippers). Remember that having acrylics on will mean that the natural nail will still grow (although slowly), so it is important to cut them right back and strengthen them before the chemicals and plastic are applied to them.

Smooth out any rough edges with a regular nail file as well as filing the surface of the nail or buffing them (this takes off a small layer of enamel and shine from the nail base).

Trim the nails

File the nails

Pay attention to the cuticles

Use the cuticle stick to push back the cuticles. It is important the acrylic will stick to the natural nail, as opposed to the skin (cuticle), so soak the fingers in warm water to make the cuticles wet and soft, and easier to remove.

Push back the cuticles

Application of artificial nail tips

It is now time to apply the tips! This is the fun bit and although it can be tricky first time around, it is relatively easy, once you get the hang of it.

Pair each tip with the right nail and if it does not fit perfectly, simply file down to the correct size. Take the time to ensure that the tips fit the nails properly. A good fit and a strong bond are important to long-lasting and natural-looking enhancements using tips. Select a tip that matches the natural curve of the client's nail plate.

Apply a small amount of glue to the tip itself (not the nail), line up the tip on the free edge of the nail at a 45-90 degree angle and then slowly 'rock' it forward, pressing it onto the nail plate. Hold firmly until the glue dries. The glue should spread evenly to completely fill the space, avoiding any air bubbles. Once the glue has set, use a tip cutter to trim the tips to the desired length and then shape with a file.

The artificial tips can be then gently filed to 'blend' in the join to the natural nail.

Some technicians prefer to thin down or pre-etch the seam prior to gluing to avoid having to file a lot to blend, which also reduces the risk of damage to the nail plate. Liquid tip blenders can also be used, which are brushed over the plastic seam line; softening the plastic so less filing is needed.

Mistakes can happen, especially if you don't have a steady hand or when applying with the hand you don't normally use … so if you apply a tip incorrectly, soak immediately in water and remove before reapplying. Practice makes perfect! For the first attempt, it may be a good idea to enlist the help of a friend.

Nail Tip Application

Use nail primer

Ensure you cleanse the nail again to remove any dust or oil, in readiness to apply the primer. Oils need to be stripped from the nails completely before the acrylics are fixed in place. For this, use the nail primer and rub onto the nail surface with cotton wool. It is important to use just a small amount, as the methacrylic acid in the primer can burn if used in excess.

Again, this is an example of how this process can be harsh on the condition of nails, skin and hands – so be careful. It is also important to ensure that the space you are working in is well ventilated as the chemicals can be harsh – so open windows and doors for air flow or wear a paper mask.

Nail Primer

The acrylic mix and application

Using a good quality clean brush, dip the brush into the acrylic materials – the liquid acrylic first, then the powder. Aim for a consistency that is moist but not too wet and that turns the mixture into a bead that is glue-like in texture, i.e. if it falls off the brush it is too dense, if it runs down the brush it is too liquid.

Blotting the brush on some paper towels to rid it of any excess moisture, apply the mix firstly to the top of the artificial nail, smoothing down. Follow this by applying another bead just under the nail tip, smoothing down, and lastly apply a bead to the lower part of the nail. Smooth all the way over it evenly – taking extra care to blend in the base where the nail/skin meets the acrylic so that this is smooth and unnoticeable. Re-apply and build as needed.

Be careful not to apply the acrylic mix to the cuticle itself though. Be patient as the mix dries – this can take up to 15 minutes. To test that it is dry, tap one gently on to the side of a table or hard surface, and, if it makes a solid tapping sound, it has set.

Once you are sure the mix has set, further shape the nails with a file. There are many tips to choose from, including a formal and square tip, a more natural oval tip or more pointed look.

For the first time, it is best to opt for a mix between square and oval so that it looks as natural as possible and is easy to shape. The more times you apply acrylics, the more chances you get to experiment with which filed look you prefer and what suits you best. Again, take a look online or browse through a nail magazine for some inspiration.

11.7 Nail Art

The fun is in decorating the nail. Applying a base coat will prevent staining of the nail enhancement. Paint with a coloured nail varnish. Add a top coat of clear varnish or any nail art such as glitters or gem stones.

Think about a social event your client might have coming up – what colour dress or outfit will they wear so you can match the nails to it? The Internet is full of great nail art ideas – including for different occasions such as festive or patriotic themes.

Take a look at Pinterest and Instagram in particular for boards of inspiration and nail art designs. Have fun and experiment with colours and styles, to figure out what works best.

Finishing Touches

11.8: Maintenance

Sometimes acrylics can be difficult to keep well maintained, as they grow out as the natural nail grows.

Use the same mix to fill in the base and edges to touch up the look or simply remove and reapply when necessary. If the client prefers to remove the acrylics, you will need to use pure acetone and soak the nails.

These nails should last 2-3 weeks but this will depend on the client. Some clients have natural nails that curl away from the extension but this can be helped if clients apply cuticle oil daily to keep their natural nails hydrated and thus pliable.

11.9: Condition

Applying acrylics to nails over a long time (many months or even years) can make the natural nail condition weak.

Sometimes it is advisable to rest the nails between applications to strengthen them. The chemicals, such as acetone and glues can be harsh to the nail and strip it off essential oils and moisture needed for growth.

If you cover the nail itself with these chemicals, they can become soft or brittle. From time to time, let the client's natural nail grow and simply apply a regular manicure to them (and use lots of hand and nail cream).

11.10: Instructional Video

Artificial Tips – 11m 55s

Watch this instructional video showing how to do acrylic nail tips

Go and Practise

Estimated time: 60+ minutes

Find a friend or family member and practise doing a set of acrylic tips on them following the step by step instructions as set out in this module of the course

In this module you learned all about creating a classic French manicure - otherwise known as 'tips'. French manicures deliver an effortlessly classic look that is appropriate for all situations. Like a normal manicure, there's a little prep work involved. Unlike a normal manicure, you need to know how to create those tips perfectly with an even finish.

We also looked at how to apply artificial tips with acrylic.

<< Previous Next >>

Learning Topics

The history of nail technology
What a nail technician does
An overview of the nail technology industry
Why business skills are necessary for nail technicians

Learning Topics

About skin layers and their roles
What the Epidermis is
About the Dermis and the important role it plays
What to do in the event the skin layer gets broken while treatment is being carried out

Learning Topics

About how fast nails grow and how to help them grow faster
The structure of the nail
Why understanding the nail anatomy is vital to your job
The difference between the various parts of the nail

Learning Topics

How to maintain treatment areas between clients
How to attain the highest standards when preparing your workplace
How work station preparation plays an important role in infection control
What your personal responsibilities are when it comes to hygiene maintenance

Learning Topics

The best way to establish exactly what the client wants
How to offer your client guidance
Why you should give your clients instruction in nail care
How to maintain a good relationship with your clients

Learning Topics

What supplies you will need to perform a manicure
How to shape the nails
The best way to deal with cuticles
How to make each manicure perfect – every time

Learning Topics

What you need to perform a pedicure
How to remove old nail polish
The best way to take care of cuticles and calluses
How to polish the nails

Learning Topics

What equipment you need to do artificial nails
How to add plastic nail tips
How to make sure that nails are the right length for acrylic tips
How to perfectly finish off acrylic nails

Learning Topics

What an arm/hand massage is and how to integrate it into a nail treatment
About the anatomy of the arm, wrist and hand
Different massage techniques
About communicating with your client effectively regarding the massage

Learning Topics

What gel nails are and why they’re so popular
The tools / equipment you will need to do this technique
Step-by-step guide to doing gel nails
Includes detailed instructional video

Learning Topics

What equipment you need
Guidance for creating great nail tips
How to apply artificial nail tips
Maintenance

Learning Topics

How to prepare the nails for nail art
About the importance of the base coat
Where to find inspiration for nail art designs
About different types of nail art

Learning Topics

How to maintain manicures
How to use cuticle oil to fix nicks
How to make a pedicure last longer
When it is time to add another top coat

Learning Topics

About ensuring your premises is clean and fit for use
How to make sure you keep your area well ventilated
About keeping your equipment safe and hygienic
About public health bodies you should be familiarising yourself with

Learning Topics

What running a salon entails
Why you need to consider tax and your business set-up
Why tracking costs are going to be vital to your success
Why customer relations are going to be one of your top priorities

Learning Topics

What options are available to you if you wish to pursue self-employment
The benefits and pitfalls of starting your own salon
The benefits and pitfalls of becoming a mobile technician
The benefits and pitfalls of working for a salon

Learning Topics

About creating a business plan and finding finance
How to find the perfect location for a salon
What you need to know about taxes and VAT
What requirements and regulations you must abide by

Learning Topics

What type of environment you should aim to create
About the importance of creating a waiting area
What lighting options you have and how they affect the ambience
About creating a salon display

Learning Topics

Why branding is so important
How to create a website for your business
How to promote your service via social media
Why print advertising can still be an effective means of advertising

Learning Topics

What you need to consider when setting your prices
How to create deals that do not ruin your profits
When you should increase your prices
How to promote your offers/deals

Learning Topics

Which products your salon should carry
How to showcase your products
When and how to alter your merchandising
Tips for increasing sales

Learning Topics

How to advertise for staff
Employment law basics
How much to pay staff
How to train your staff

Learning Topics

How CRM works
What you can do with the CRM data gathered
How to choose the right CRM software
How to use CRM to your advantage

Learning Topics

The costs associated with starting a salon
The ongoing expenses associated with running a salon
How much you can expect to make after these costs
The best way to keep costs down

Learning Topics

What kind of forms salon owners need
About bookkeeping for salon owners and mobile technicians
Whether you should use an accountant for your bookkeeping
How you should track transactions

Module 25 of 25

Module 1: Introduction to Nail Technology

10 minutes

Module 2 : Anatomy of the Skin

20 minutes

Module 3 : Nail Anatomy

10 minutes

Module 4 : Preparing Your Work Area

10 minutes

Module 5 : Client Consultation and Communication, Preparing Your Client

10 minutes

Module 6 : How to Perform a Manicure

100 minutes

Module 7 : How to Perform a Pedicure

80 minutes

Module 8 : Artificial Nails

90 minutes

Module 9 : Arm and Hand Massage

80 minutes

Module 10 : Gel Polish

80 minutes

Module 11 : Nail Tips (French Manicure Nail Tips and Artificial Nail Tips with Acrylic)

90 minutes

Module 12 : Basic Nail Art

80 minutes

Module 13 : Nail Maintenance

50 minutes

Module 14 : Health and Hygiene

40 minutes

Module 15 : An Introduction to Salon Management

10 minutes

Module 16 : Start a Salon, Become a Mobile Technician, or Work for Someone Else?

20 minutes

Module 17 : Setting up a Salon and Red Tape

70 minutes

Module 18 : Salon Decoration

30 minutes

Module 19: Marketing Your Nail Salon / Service

10 minutes

Module 20: Setting Your Pricing

40 minutes

Module 21: Merchandising Your Salon

10 minutes

Module 22: Employees and Staffing

30 minutes

Module 23: Customer Relationship Management

10 minutes

Module 24: Managing Costs

10 minutes

Module 25: Forms and Record Keeping

10 minutes

Module 22: Employees and Staffing

First, you need to decide on the most appropriate form of advertising. The method you choose is likely to be determined by your budget.

While some options are essentially free, they may not attract a broad enough range of potential employees for you to find the best candidates. In contrast, those that do have a large catchment can soon become expensive, which means it is down to you to strike the right balance.

You might want to consider the following:

Advertising in your salon window during the pre-opening phase. If you are in a town centre, this can be pretty effective.

Using a local newspaper. In a job market that appears to be constantly struggling, this usually generates a fair bit of attention.

Word of mouth. This is free, but may not attract as many candidates as you would like.

Advertising on job sites like Jobs.co.uk. This does come with up-front costs that are occasionally heavy but is worth it when you attract a broad range of candidates

Contacting your local job centre. This is a highly effective option.

After advertising the position, you need to find a day or two to interview. Try not to interview alone, as you need impartial input from others when selecting a candidate.

Not only are you assessing them, but they are assessing you.

As such, you need to do the following:

Get organised. If an excellent candidate walks into your business with the feeling that it is a disorganised venture, they are unlikely to want to work for you.

Read the candidate's CV and pick points out that you want to ask them questions on.

Arrange generic and specific questions that step away from their CV's content.

Make sure you explain the role fully at the beginning of the interview and what you will expect of the candidate. At the end, give them the opportunity to ask you some questions.

Give them the chance to perform some sort of test. For example, you might want to ask them to complete a manicure.

Looking at the above, it is clear you will need to organise your time adequately. Allow an hour for each candidate; this should give you time to explain the role, the interview portion, as well as time for them to ask you some questions at the end.

First, there is no getting around minimum wage laws. Ignoring them is not just unfair, it is illegal.

As you may or may not have noticed in the news, the minimum wage is uniform across the UK but does not always offer a comfortable standard of living in all areas.

If you want to attract staff that are experienced and ensure your job is their only job, you might want to consider a living wage.

The living wage is the minimum a candidate needs to cover their basic cost of living. You are, of course, not legally obligated to provide it, but you may wish to do this anyway in the name of being fair.

You can find the latest National Minimum Wage rates and National Living Wage rates here

In addition to knowing how much you are going to pay your staff, you need to manage PAYE. PAYE is Pay As You Earn tax, which means you pay the employees' tax as they earn it. This is not optional; it is a legal requirement. Out of the employees' tax and wages, you need to set aside enough to cover income tax and VAT, and then pay it at legally required intervals.

If PAYE is something you struggle with, you might want to consider using the services of an accountant..

This includes checking someone has the legal right to live and work in the UK. If you hire someone knowing there is a chance that they may not be able to work legally in the UK, you can face heavy fines and criminal prosecution.

In addition to this, you need to arrange employers' liability insurance. This does not just protect your employees; it protects your financial and legal interests. Once you have hired the right candidate(s), you need to create a contract, which you will then send to them. They need to sign this contract and return it to you, preferably with an independent witness. After this, you both need to keep a copy.

Finally, you need to let HMRC know that you have a new member of staff. This is something you can do up to four weeks before you first pay them.

You are going to have to build on this by doing the following:

Make sure they fully understand what their role is. This includes letting them know what they have to do, what they do not have to do, and what they simply must not do.

Let them know what your salon policies are regarding health and safety, as well as hygiene.

Introduce them to your product range, and any approaches you wish for them to take while delivering treatments, and let them know about risk assessment processes.

Training is very much unique to each salon, but an absolute necessity regardless of how big or small your venture is.

Your employee needs to know the following:

What their role is within the company, e.g. nail technician

Who they should be reporting to

What their responsibilities are

What they are not to do

In some cases, you may employ individuals who are solely responsible for a particular task.

For example: If you hire a cleaner, you may choose to designate them as the only person who cleans. However, if you hire a manicurist, you may want to make it clear that their role is also to offer pedicures. In the case of the cleaner, you would also let them know that they are not to deal with clients and their treatments, as they have not received the right training.

From time to time, you may want to give more duties to members of staff. This may sometimes involve extra training, especially when the new duties involve a new skill.

Almost all workers are entitled to approximately 5.6 weeks of holiday. If you so wish, you can write the contract so that this time includes bank holidays, or you can tack them on at the end.

In terms of workers who work for you five days a week, they are entitled to 28 days paid holiday per year. This is known as annual leave. When it comes to part-time workers, you multiply the number of days they work per week by 5.6. For example, if a part-time worker works 3 days per week, you multiply this by 5.6 to get 16.8 days of paid annual leave.

If your employees work regular hours but are classed as employed rather than zero hours, you can visit the HMRC website to use their irregular hour annual leave contract.

As an employer, you do not have to class bank holidays as part of your employees' annual leave. You are also free to give them more than their statutory rights in terms of holidays. Some employers choose to do this to attract the best calibre candidates.

First, it is highly recommended that you establish a uniform. Doing this is central to your branding, it allows those who visit the salon to distinguish between staff members and other visitors, and it adds to the sense of professionalism at your business.

In addition to setting a uniform, you may also want to clarify the following with your staff:

The type of shoes you expect them to wear. Make it clear whether you need a particular colour, heel, or style. Bear in mind that some staff members may need a little flexibility here.

Whether you need them to stick to a particular colour with regards to the clothes they will be wearing under their uniform.

What type of jewellery is permissible and whether they can wear it at all times during working hours.

Do remember, in the interests of fairness and meeting your legal obligations, you probably should not ban religious artefacts. While the law is sometimes unclear in this area, banning items can land you in legal hot water.

When staff members do not get on or cannot support each other, productivity begins to slow. Not only that, but you will also find that your image becomes less professional. There are several ways you can encourage better teamwork between staff members.

This includes doing the following:

Whenever a new team member joins, welcome them properly. Ensure there is a brief meeting where everyone is introduced. You might even want to take the time to have some coffee and cake with them.

Make sure your staff always feel appreciated and valued. Staff who feel appreciated are more productive, and they are more likely to step outside of their role and help others.

Lead by example and ensure those leadership qualities remain firm. This means being the first person at your salon and the last person to leave. Of course, you are entitled to take time off and leave matters in the hands of your reliable staff at times, but if you are going to expect them to cope, you need to be a good leader.

Make sure you train your staff on a regular basis. If their skills need updating to meet changes in the industry, invest in them. You may also want to send the team on a personal development course every so often.

Communicate with all staff members regularly. Let them know if you have any concerns and encourage them to come to you with their concerns. With open communication comes honesty, trust, and teamwork.

Now that you understand a little more about employment, you can consider all your options carefully.

Remember, the time you invest in finding the right employees now can save you a lot of headaches in the future. The same can be said for money.

If you are ever unsure as to where you stand legally when it comes to employment, you do have a couple of options. You may want to consider talking to an organisation like ACAS, which offers advice to both employees and employers. Alternatively, you can choose to use the services of a solicitor. Doing this ensures you do not find yourself on shaky ground as far as employment is concerned.

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Module 24: Managing Costs

In terms of salons, this means the cost of starting one, as well as the cost of maintaining it. By preempting your costs, you can make forming business plans and executing winning profit strategies easier.

The Costs Associated with Starting your Salon

Providing you're not starting a mobile salon, the costs associated with beginning one can get quite hefty. First, you need to consider how many chairs you'll have, along with the space needed to administer treatments. Let's say you decide to begin with six chairs, for this you're going to need a fair amount of space.After calculating the space you need for your chairs, you're going to need to start looking at rent. The majority of salon owners will begin their business by renting as opposed to purchasing, and you're unlikely to be any different.

Most business rental costs are calculated per square foot. When you're working in a low-cost area of the UK, this isn't too hefty. However, when you're working in a more expensive area, such as London or the South East, these costs can soon begin to rise.
What you need to consider is how much rent you're going to go through while you're setting up your salon. Few buildings come ready equipped for nail technicians, and the property's owner isn't going to let you go without paying rent while you're setting up. As such, this needs to be factored into your start-up costs.

After considering your rental and chair purchasing costs, you need to look deeper into the set-up process. This should include focusing on the equipment you need to buy, as well as the stock you need to maintain. Merchandise has already been discussed; you're going to need to purchase a little of that too so you can get started with sales straight away.

Other non-physical costs can include using the services of professionals, such as accountants and solicitors. You're also going to need to look at how much interest you'll pay on loans over time (if you have any) alongside establishing your web presence, creating a brand, beginning your marketing campaign, and the candidate hiring process.

There is a lot to consider when it comes to the costs associated with starting your new salon. However, the investments you make now are probably going to save you a lot of money in the future, especially when it comes to buying decent equipment and using the services of well-educated professionals.

Before you even find a premises, you need to sit down with your business associates (if you have any) and establish what all the initial start-up costs are.

Sign The costs don't end once you've established the salon, in fact they're only going to continue.

One of the biggest costs associated with running a salon is hiring and maintaining staff. Unless you are choosing to go down the zero hour contract route—which may lead to inconsistent staffing—you are going to have to keep paying your staff members, regardless of whether business is booming or not.

An alternative to this is to do what some hair salons do and hire out chairs or booths to other stylists.

They can then pay you a little commission, or they can simply pay a blanket fee for using the chair. Either way, they benefit from your branding and marketing efforts, while you use them to bring in extra customers and keep your business afloat.

However, this is not one of the most effective ways to make sure you attract enough profits to keep your business afloat, so approach with caution.

Other costs associated with having staff can include:

Sick pay, which is partially reimbursed by the government

Maternity and paternity pay, which are also partially reimbursed by the government

Paid annual leave, which both full-time and part-time employees are entitled to

Training

Team motivation exercises

Staff parties, if you want to have them

Staff aside, you'll also be paying for supplies on a regular basis. Your supplies aren't just central to administering treatments, you have the merchandise you'll be selling in order to keep those profits flowing.

Other ongoing costs can include the following:

Bank fees and loan repayments. Most business accounts charge customers to use them.

The use of professionals. If you're opting to use an accountant for your PAYE, for example.

Business insurance, public liability insurance, and employers' liability insurance

Utilities

Maintaining your web presence

All of these costs need to be considered when you're forming a business plan, as well as when you're looking at your monthly sales to determine how profitable the business has been.

Research that focuses on the nail technology industry has identified manual labour and rent as being the two highest costs, accounting for around 40 to 45% of your overall outgoings.

Question Now this may sting a little, but it is worth bearing in mind that it's actually a relatively high figure as far as the business world is concerned: you can expect to make around 10 to 11% profit.

Seem lame?

Not really, once you consider how much manual labour costs, plus rent, supplies, and everything else that goes with it.

When returning to the chapter on pricing, you need to consider this profitability when you're making your treatment price markups. Aim for around this much as a minimum, and you'll eventually find that you strike the right balance.

In order to make sure you keep your equipment costs down, you need to focus on maintaining a good relationship with your suppliers. If you successfully manage to open an account with a supplier, make sure you maintain all of your financial responsibilities in relation to it. Once you tarnish your financial connections with suppliers, it's difficult to avoid high prices.

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Module 3 : Nail Anatomy

Nail Anatomy

3.1 Nail.Anatomy

important structure, not just for aesthetic purposes

Role- protecting ends of fingers, sensing world around us.

requires as much protection as the skin

has the potential to cause alot of pain

Beneath nail is a nerve-rich bed-gives sensory information

3.2 how fast do nails grow ?

varies between individuals- the healthier the a person is the faster it will grow

fingernails grow faster than toenails

accelerate 3mm per month-6 months to regrow when breaks off

toenails grow 1mm per month-9-18 months to regrow when breaks off depending on age and health

3.3 are there ways of encouraging faster nail growth?

stunted means something is nutritionally wrong

eat a more balanced diet
drink water
cut down on bad habits
quitting smoking
drinking less
exercise more

can only advise not diagnose, suggest them seeing a GP, could be the cause of a medical condition or medication they are on

suggest taking nutritional supplement rich in calcium after talking to a doctor

3.4 How is a nail structured?

Has several key structures if any are disturbed they can grow abnormally

Root- germinal matrix- white portion that sits underneath- extends a little into skin and forms most of nail bulk

Matrix- where the nail is made- only living part- contains small blood vessels- nerves- melanocytes

melanin comes from melanocytes

important as patients who are suffering from certain types of cancer develop ominous brown patches beneath the nails

Nail mantel- skin covering the matrix at the base of nail plate

Cuticle- overlapping skin surrounds the nail- protects the matrix being invaded by bacteria and physical damamge- waterproof barrier

Lunula- half moon shaped point where matrix and nail bed meet

Nail bed- part of finger under nail plate

Nail walls- skin on both sides of nail plate

Nail plate- visible part of nail that sits on to of the nail bed- made by Keratinization;transformation of living cells to hard and dead cells- consists of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur and nitrogen- pink as blood vessels rest beneath- along the side are grooves that help it stick to nail bed

Nail grooves- grooves on the skin at the sides of the free edge- the nail follows them as a guidline when they grow

hyponychium-area between the nail bed and fingertip- acts like a wterproof barrier

Free edge- the end of the nail plate that is shaped during a manicure and pedicure

Perionychium- little area of the skin- sits either side of the nail- when removed and doesnt go right little overhang develops- this area is a nerve-rich area having an overhang can be painful

Nail structure

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Module 6 : How to Perform a Manicure

There are 5 basic nail shapes:

-square, this shape is often created for acrylic nails, the side walls are straight with two sharp points on the tips to create a balanced C-curve. This shale can also be created on regular nails. Start with a medium file to shape the free edge and side walls first, you will need to turn the hand over to straighten up the free edge. The side wall of the nail is filed straight up.

-round, this shape is normally used when the client has a natural round shape. Round nails have soft edges with subtle outline. Begin with either sidewalls by straightening them out, after the sidewalls are smooth, the edges can be rounded out for a nice even look.

-oval, these nails are common because it adds length and provides a softer curve, it is important to start by straightening the side walls of the nail, the move to the top smoothing as you go, making arching motions with the nail file. The next step is to work on angles of the sides to create a balanced oval with a soft edge.

-squoval, this is a popular nail shape. It is a combination of the square and oval, it's the square shaped nails without the harsh edges. The square is built first, next the sidewalls are straightened, however at the end the edges are gradually rounded to take away the harsh edge of the squared shape.

- pointed, these nails are not seen very often unless special occasions or clients preference. The nail goes from a wide nail bed into a sharp but rounded tip. From the nail bed, file the side walls until the tip meets at a point, you need to make sure that you file each side evenly so that the point meets in the middle of the nail.

There are five basic shapes:

Square-Start with a medium grade file to shape the free edge and side walls first. You will need to turn the hand over to straighten the free edge with the file perpendicular to the nail. The sidewall of the nail is filed straight up.

Round-Round nails have soft edges with a subtle outline. Begin with the sidewalls by straightening them out. After the sidewalls are smooth, the edges can be rounded out for a nice even look. This particular style requires less angle and filing. The top of the nail is tapered meaning the nail is slightly slimmer at the tip than at the beginning of the nail bed.

Oval- Begin from the side and move to the top of the nail smoothing as you go, making arching motions with the nail file. The next step is to work on the angles of the sides to create a balanced oval with soft edge.

Squoval-The square is built first in the same manner as any square nail. Next the side walls are straightened; however, at the end the edges are rounded gradually to take away the harsh edge of the square, while leaving nice square sides.

Pointed-

It is important to choose the correct file for the nail shape a client requests or prefers. For slimming nails down a 150 grade nail file is best. For softer, rounded edges a typical nail file of normal strength will work best to ensure you do not take too much nail off during filing.

There are three types of manicure:

Mini manicure - treatment time about 30 minutes and comprises: Disinfect, File/shape, Cuticles, and Paint.

Luxury manicure - normally takes up to one hour (as per steps detailed in this module).

French manicure - which can be a mini or luxury.

These essentials include:

A bowl of hot/warm water (always prepare your hand bowls before a client arrives, so you are ready and prepared)

Sanitising spray for cleansing (such products can be sourced from beauty suppliers' websites)

Nail polish remover (non-acetone)

Cotton pads

Manicure scrub/exfoliant (this should not be too harsh)

Nail soak or cleanser

Hand towel(s)

Cuticle remover

Cuticle pusher

Cuticle nippers

Hand and nail moisturisers

Nail clippers

Emery boards

Nail buffers

Apply a sanitising spray to your client's hands. Wipe over the nail beds with non-acetone remover and a cotton pad – removing any excess nail varnish. Even if you can't see any immediately, it is recommended that you do this anyway. Doing so ensures you do not have to work past any residue that was there in the first place.

Use a non-acetone remover only as this is gentler but will still easily remove any nail polish from the client's nails effectively. (Do not use an acetone-based remover - as this is recommended more for removing gels/acrylics; as acetone can be harmful to the natural nail.)

While some salons prefer to use nail polish remover in a bottle with cotton pads, others like to use ready soaked pads. Either option is fine, but if you are running your own business you may find that the former is better.

Not all nails need clipping, but particularly long ones may.

If it does not look as though an emery board alone will be sufficient to shape the nails, use the clippers. Relying on an emery board alone can cause the nails to fray.

After clipping the nails, round or square them using an emery board. Rather than using a metal or overly coarse emery board, opt for one that is only slightly coarse or a crystal one. When finished, buff the tips of the nails.

Before giving your clients a nail shape, it is a good idea to discuss what they want first. While some love the softness that comes with rounded tips, others like a square look. If they are not sure, suggest square, as it is slightly more modern.

Note - some technicians prefer to shape their client's nail later in the treatment, just before preparing for nail polish application.

Exfoliate the client's hands and put hands in the soak bowls for 5-10 mins – do not use a harsh exfoliator on the client's hands.

Whilst the client's hands are still soaking gently remove the exfoliator and take the client's hands out onto a towel and dry.

You may need to fill your bowls up again with fresh, warm water in readiness for the cuticle soak (if you work in salon a colleague would do this for you).

Note: exfoliation of the hands is not included in the below instruction video, but is a beneficial option to include in the treatment. Exfoliation softens and enhances the appearance of the skin.#

Apply cuticle remover to the client's nails.

Put nails in soak for about 5-10 mins. Once these are soaked take the client's hands out onto a towel and gently pat over their hand just to dampen them.

Rub any excess cuticle remover in and start pushing the cuticles back. Do this gently, as pushing them back too far can remove that waterproof barrier and cause damage that can lead to increased risk of bacterial infections.

Nip any cuticle that you think needs taking away.

Use non-acetone nail varnish, remove the cuticle remover from the client's nail bed

Start by putting the moisturiser into your own hands to warm this up, so it is not cold for the client

Apply the moisturiser all over the client's hand and start massaging over the hand and up the forearm

Go over each finger one by one in circular motions

Turn the client's hand over, so the palm is facing up, and massage gently into their palm finish by massaging back over the client's hand and forearm – making sure all the moisturiser is soaked in

Now is the time to begin painting those nails, in layers.

First, check that the client is happy with the nail shape, length etc before beginning to apply polish.

Begin with a base coat, ensuring that the brush in not flooded. The base coat needs to dry fully before you apply the colour layer. Many salons have drying machines, which you place the client's hands under, to speed the process up.

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Module 18 : Salon Decoration

intro -

decoration of your salon says a lot about your personality. salon owners tend to choose colours that reflect a calm and peaceful environment.

salon walls and floors -

beauty industry is all about looking good, need to make your salon aesthetically pleasing. before choosing colours consider the theme you want to produce as well as clientele you wish to attract.

create the illusion of space -

mirror on walls make the room look bigger. strike the right balance between beautiful decor and no clutter. ensure floor is easy to clean, health and safety hazards as well as more work.

salon waiting area is one of the first parts to be seen. air of professionalism. needs to be comfortable and somewhere for people to sit. furniture is a key to success.

chairs are a must, consider sofas, sofa is warm and inviting. coffee table placing magazines.

lighting makes decor look good, helps do your job properly. choose bulbs carefully. bright lights cast dark shadows over everything around them. naturally you need a lot of light as a nail tech, if you rely on overhead lighting your salon will look harsh. aim for colours that are close to sunlight.

natural sources of light, rely on sunlight as much as artificial light. plenty of windows helps with natural lighting, do not rely on natural light as it gets dark early in the winter. LED bulbs can be more expensive but last longer and reduce energy costs.

a salon display should catch clients eyes, nail colours, brochures, other products related to your business.

consult staff for creative ideas for display. change display periodically. dont neglect health and safety, display shouldnt act as an obstruction or pose a risk to other members of staff.

starting that you use a particular type of nail polish on a regular basis, one that is known for excellent results. discuss your prices, good tactic for those who want to offer budget services.

dont go for anything too bright and daring you might turn away any potential customers.

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Module 19: Marketing Your Nail Salon / Service

marketing is half the battle when it comes to succeeding with any business. a nail tech already has a captive audience, other businesses fighting for them. need to promote and brand yourself gives the impression you have a comoetetive edge.

what is your brand position? how do you have competitive edge over others giving the same service as you? what is your brand promise going to be? can you guarantee you will give your customers something others cannot? do you have a brand story?

creating a page/webiste for business. keep it simple. customers only spend 20/30 seconds on each page. pay per click but can cost a lot.

facebook, twitter, linkedin, tumblr, pinterest, instagram

post 2-3 times a day. instagram with permissionof customers post your work.

print advertising is classed as: newspapers, magazines, newsletters, flyers, business cards, direct mail, booklets.

benefit from yellow pages, local newspapers, local lifestyle magazines.

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Module 8 : Artificial Nails

8.1-

artifical nails requires alot more work than basic manicures.

What you will need-

a plastic nail brush, nail polish remover, cuticle remover, cuticle pusher,nail clippers, nail files, buffing blocks, nail tips, nail glue, nail dehydrator, hand wash, lint free nail wipes, non-acid nail primer,

acryil liquid, arcylic powder, cuticle oil.

8.2-

Adding nail tips

Clean hands and remove any nail polish left on the nail plate then remove the cuticles as normal but do not disrupt the nail bed barrier.

If needed cut and file the nails if they are too long for tips and buff the nail plate being sure to brush any filings away.

Make sure the tips reach from oneside of the nail plate to the other, if needed trim the edge.

Apply nail glue to the tip then place on the nail at a 45 degree angle and hold for 30 seconds waiting for the glue to dry, remove any excess glue with a alcohol-based solution, then leave to completley dry.

After the tips dry, file and shape them and buff the nail and tip again.

Apply dehyderator and primer

Pour the acrylic solution into a glass container, stir with an acrylic brush, dip the brush into the powder lightly.

Then starting just above the cuticle move the brush upwards in a single stroke and allow it to dry . Making sure to remove any from under the tips.

What do you need?

- Cuticle oil

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Module 23: Customer Relationship Management

CRM exists to improve customer service. It achieves this by helping you gather information about your customers, aka data, which you then analyse in line with your sales. Using this data, you track how well your business activities are going and place more emphasis on those that work, which allows you to increase your profits in the process.

In short, CRM involves regularly gathering data based on your customers' purchasing activities and analysing it in line with your sales.

When you know which type of customer is likely to purchase a treatment, as well as when they are going to purchase it, you can use that information to your advantage.

The best example of this is store loyalty cards. While it may at first seem as though they exist to help you access great rewards—or even just to spend more—there is a fair bit of data analysis going on there.

Shops like Boots, for example, collect data on what you are purchasing, who you are, and what time of year it is, before analysing it to enhance their campaigns.

After gathering this information, businesses have the chance to use it to boost sales.

For example:

If you notice that manicures are particularly popular amongst women under the age of 30 around Xmas time, you can target your ads accordingly.

CRM is not just useful for boosting sales and knowing which services to promote.

You can also use it to hone in on customer complaints. For example, if while tracking complaint patterns you notice they occur around a particular stylist's shift, or following a certain treatment, you can address the problem accordingly. Using CRM data, it is possible to drive those complaints down and boost your business' reputation and profitability.

Essentially, you will eventually use CRM to make sure your customers feel happier (with customer service), while boosting your sales (with promotions). In order to ensure this happens, you need to set up some sort of loyalty scheme. In other words, you are going to have to use the CRM cards other businesses are reliant on.

While this may seem a little counter-intuitive, it is worth considering the following: if your customers are not happy, your profits are not going to grow. When your customers are happy and want to return to you, your profits are going to continue growing.

This means you do not just want to use CRM with a view identifying particular groups of customers that purchase certain forms of treatment, you also need to look at identifying those sole customers who return to your salon faithfully.

Using this information, you can highlight them as golden clients. Giving them the extra special treatment they deserve not only ensures they stay loyal to you; it will lead to them bragging about you to their friends. Voila, you have word of mouth advertising on the go.

website If you are going to succeed with CRM, you will need to choose the correct CRM software.

CRM software allows you to store and analyse data, which you can return to at regular intervals. Remember, the data you choose to store now is something you can turn to in the future when you need to see your business' profitability progress.

Do not over-complicate things

, focus on a starter's package that will allow you to get to grips with the CRM process. One of the worst things you can do is choose your software according to the shiny features that come with the packaging or advertising.

Marketing teams are excellent at making you believe that you should choose features over objectives, when it is actually the other way around. If you see a load of bells and whistles you do not really need, do not be afraid to go for the smaller option that is basic. It will save money, and save time in the future.

Use software that will track the things you need to track. Before you find software, you will need to state what this data is. Do you want to track sales? Or maybe complaints? You can even track both, if you so wish. Whatever it is you want to track, establish it now and choose your software package accordingly.

Plan for future expansion when buying software

While it is a good idea to choose a software package that is small and uncomplicated, you should also be keeping your future ambitions in mind. Do you envisage your business turning from a small venture to a medium one? Would you like to open more than one salon over the next few years? If you are going to invest in CRM software and keep the data collection consistent, you need to bear these factors in mind.

Finally, you might even want to consider the technological marvel that is a SaaS system. These systems are managed by third parties and they store your data online rather than just relying on an in-house computer system. If you'd rather not get to grips with CRM yourself, and would therefore like someone else to manage the whole business for you, this could be a good option. However, while there are some reliable automated third party solutions available, some also require a little extra assistance from a human. Whether you want to add this to your outgoing costs is up to you, but it could be worth it if you find a way to create perfectly targeted advertising.

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Module 4 : Preparing Your Work Area

Preparing Your Work Area

4.1 Preparing your work area

prepare your work area at the beggining of each day and inbetween clients

maintains air of professionalism, ensures client feel taken care of and good hygiene practice

Steps

set up clients records, always do a consultation if new, look out for contra-indications or contra-actions, records kept in safe or locked safe computer that only you and work colleagues can acess, breach of personal data and records may put your buisness in danger
set up materials requested, if necessary instructions for equipment
disinfection procedures for area and equipment, place yourself and clients at risk of contracting conditions if not done, infection control is top priority
environmental conditions are okay i.e too hot to cold? enough lighting? would you feel relaxed if in clients position
ensure you have follwed all industry-regulated and workplace-regulated hygiene and safety standards, not doing so may result in reprimand, sack or breaking the law
admin team have a record of client, if paid and treatment they are going for, information ensures stock control is easy to manage

4.2 Maintaining treatment areas between clients

Dispose of all waste materials safetly and correctly
Put away records after treatments
wipe down work area thoroughly and leave in clean neat condition
always have a disinfectant solution such as Barbicide on your desk for tools or an autoclave

4.3 How to meet the right standards when preparing your workplace

Profection and improvements are two factors you need to focus on

try the following

look at what what your more experienced colleagues are doing, learn from them and ask for advice
learn your personal responsibilities and legislative requirements i.e particular temperature, specific lighting and more
in spare time get familiar with basic health and safety requirements
learn data protection act and why it is relevant
find out system for storing materials

4.4 Understanding why work station preparation is important

ensures you can proceed with each job

plays an important role in infection control

ensures you look professional

impacts overall organisation

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Module 20: Setting Your Pricing

Yet, pricing is so central to your business' success, it is something you need to pay a lot of attention to.

One thing you need to remember before starting this module is that you cannot simply just aim for the cheapest prices in your locality and hope that draws everyone else's clients away. Any seasoned customer will already know that a cheap manicure is rarely a good manicure, which means you need to stick to pricing that reflects the quality of your work, without being too expensive for customers to access.

Now, it is worth remembering that very few businesses make a profit in the first year, or even the second.

You therefore need to resist the temptation to hike your prices in order to create a comfortable margin.

As a rough rule of thumb, you should be able to calculate whatever is exact from the above list and come away with a 60-65% profit margin. This seems large, but it really is going to account for the costs you are unable to control; such as slow custom and using more materials than you expected.

Having a large enough margin also makes it possible for you to use promotional offers without cutting into your profits too harshly

You do not want to do this too often, as it can drive away customers. First, you should always raise your prices when it looks as though your present structure is going to cause a loss in terms of profits. It is better to lose some business than to maintain all of your customers and consistently operate at a loss.

Second, you can consider raising your prices on a supply versus demand basis. In other words, when you become exceedingly popular because your approach or product is great, you are free to hike your prices a little. If your salon is truly excellent, customers are not going to mind paying a little extra to enjoy using your services.

Naturally, the process of raising prices feels nerve-wracking. You may be left worrying that you will alienate your customers or damage your reputation. Ultimately, you might find that a few people abandon ship for the sake of saving a little extra elsewhere. However, if you have a good repertoire with your regular customers, there is no reason why this should happen excessively to you.

Want to know how to soften the blow a little? Try to plan your price hikes around busy seasons. This includes the beginning of summer, as well as the beginning of December when 'party season' begins. When you do this, your services should be so in demand the price raises will not matter too much.
However, when setting your pricing, you need to consider the following:

How much are you going to pay your staff per hour? Assuming your custom flows smoothly, you will need to deduct this from your pricing and have enough to take away from that hour to invest in your business again

How much are your overheads? Break it down into each bit of product you are using during a treatment, as well as utilities, insurance, and other such costs

How much money will you be re-investing into marketing and other such costs?

Offers usually serve a couple of purposes. Not only do they bring in more customers, they also act as a great form of advertising. When you make them clear in your salon window, on your website, and across your social media accounts, the chances are someone will tell their friends about it.

Offers are also excellent for attracting new customers. If you can hook someone in with an offer then give them the best service of their life, they will probably return to you.

When creating offers, you need to focus on not eating into your profits. It is pointless offering 50% off, drawing in a load of customers, and finding out that you have not made any money.

You may want to consider the following offer ideas:

50% off when you recommend us to a friend (NB: for this, the friend actually has to make an appearance and mention the person who apparently recommended them. Anybody can claim they have mentioned you to someone)

2-for-1 during a peak season, or even a lull season. Lull seasons tend to occur around times like January, so focus on them to keep your customers flowing.

Using sites like Groupon or Facebook offers. When using these sites, try to ensure you do not create more offers than you can handle. If you do this, you might damage your reputation as a result of slow response times.

Finally, when setting your pricing you may want to look towards what is going on in the local area.

Places like Central London will naturally charge more than areas like South Wales.

Do not be afraid to search for other salon websites, go in to the salons to grab leaflets, or walk past a few shop windows. Doing this is a great way to draw inspiration for your own salon and it lets you know if the prices you want to set are reasonable.

If you find that they are slightly high, return to your overheads and see if there are any cutbacks you can make. With a little persistence, you can get those prices right.

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Module 2 : Anatomy of the Skin

2.1 The skin

the skin is the largest organ

nail bed and nails are extensions of the skin both Importsnt to nail techs

contraindications- this means you cannot perform any treatment and would need to advise your client to seek medical attention, it is important as a nail technician we do not diagnose any client as we're not professional in that area nor qualified to diagnose any skin or nail conditions

skin conditions

cuts / abrasions

brusing and swelling

lumps / swelling

infectious diseases - scabies chicken pox

broken bones

ring worn

fungal infections

contra actions - this may be something that causes treatment to be stopped if happening during a treatment being carried out

During any consultation if any contraindications or contra actions become apparent it is important to note them down on client records for future references

Examples of contra actions:

headache

nausea

vomiting

profuse sweating

restlessness and irritability

feeling faint

abnormal erythema (redness of skin)

allergic reaction – make sure any allergic reactions are noted down in clients' records, so you know for future appointments

nausea

vomiting

profuse sweating

restlessness

feeling faint

abnormal erythmia

allergic reaction (make note in client record)

2.2 the eperdermis

the outerskin is called the eperdermis

This keeps the eperdermis stretchy

the dermis

The dermis, otherwise known as the skin's dermal layer, is a little more complex than the epidermis.

It features sweat glands, connective tissue, and hair follicles. When it comes to maintaining the skin's tone, the dermis plays an incredibly important role. There's a lot of connective tissue and collagen there, which keeps the epidermis above lovely and stretchy.

Thanks to those hair follicles and sweat glands, the dermis plays an important role in keeping you safe. The hair follicles, when stimulated, let you know that something is present on your skin. This is a protective mechanism, as it allows you to remove whatever that thing is. At the same time, they will stand on end and flatten themselves to respond to varying degrees of heat.

2.4 subcutaneous layer

nail technicians have very little to do with the subcutaneous layer.

This is the fat and tissue layer, keeping the skin in shape and keeps you nice and warm

in these layers you will find:

-small blood vessels

-nerve endings

-melanin

clients cuts can be worsend by products and can ncause infection

EVERYTHING MUST BE STERLISED

WEAR GLOVES(DISPOSABLE)

skin isnt just important to you but ton your client, having an understanding of sin anatomy and how it performs in certain situations will be the key to success

the skin is a pathway to great sensations when performing manis and pedis

Different nerve endings deliver different types of signals. When brushed lightly, some send slow and sensuous signals, while others deliver tickling sensations. Learning how to apply the right amount of pressure is the best way to ensure your customer relaxes and enjoys their treatment.

The skin isn't just important to you, it's important to your client. Having an understanding of its anatomy, how it responds to different forms of stimulation, and what to do if you injure it are all key to your success.

a = epidermis

b = dermis

c =hair shaft

d = sweat gland

e= blood vessel

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Module 10 : Gel Polish

A gel polish can offer the same strength and beauty as acrylic nails but they tend to look a lot more natural, cause a lot less mess and can cause less damage to the natural nails.

Equipment list:

Hand soap/sanitiser
Nail polish remover - non-acetone and acetone based
Cuticle remover&pushers
Cotton pads (lint free)
Nail clippers, scissors, emery boards and nail bufffer
Dehydrator and primer
UV nail gel
UV lamp

Removal of gel

Cut up your cotton pads into little squares that will fit onto the nails, also cutting up squares of foil that are big enough to wrap around just under half of the clients finger. Use a file, a rougher grit one, and file over the clients nail, also breaking the seal at the tip of the nail. Once you are satisfied with the filling, palce a soaked square of cotton pad onto the nail and wrap the foil around the finger, leaving it to soak for around 10-15 mins. After that time take the foil off and scrape the gel off using an orange stick or cuticle tool.

Preparing the nails:

use a nial polish remover to remove any existing nail polish, Start shaping the nails by cutting them down if needed.

Before doing this you should establish the clients desired shape, asking whether they want their nail tips round, square or rounded.

Once the nails have been shaped buff the actual nails themselves, doing so lightly as you do not want to make them too coarse, once you have done so wipe the nails over with a little bit of nail polish remover. Adressing the cuticles, you will need to add a little cuticle remover to each nail before using a cuticle pusher to push them back slightly.

begin with a little dehydrator, moving across each nail as swiflty as you can to prevent the bottles contents from evaporating. Once the dehydrator has dried you need to apply primer.

Applying the UV gel:

Start just infront of the cuticle, close enough to make it look natural, without actually entering the cuticle bed its self, using long strokes. After applying the first coat place the clients hand into the UV lamp for 60-180 seconds.

Client advice for maintenance

Let the client know that their gel nails can last 2-3 weeks if they are looked after properly.

Advise them of the following:

use gloves when gardening, washing up or cleaning
Avoid picking the gels off as this can ruin their natural nails
When using moisturiser or suncream lotion make sure the nails are wiped afterwards to avoid any lifting.

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Module 13 : Nail Maintenance

manicure how to maintain it always hydrate nails

eliminate oily nails

apply a dehyrator

apply another top coat to the free edges can chip newly painted nails under the pressure of moisture apply top coat every couple of days

cuticle oil fixs nicks as some clinits nick their nails within 30 minutes so you can work it in with cuticle oil

avoid heat for up to 12 hrs after manicure as heat can break down sooner and stop the nail polish curring

use nail oil on a daily basis as they need constant nouristment containing vitamin E and jojba

not to use nails for hard things as they can snap and break easily.

pedicures last longer by moistuerings daily and using oil in hot weather especially

top coat every couple of days

unfragranced foot creams only if not it can break down

not to put shoes on before toes dry

high quality products lasts longer

acrylics moisture cuticles wear gloves

electric file to tidy up file mainly

cuticle oil daily push them back

shape the nail again and then remove dust nail dehydrator and then primer

soak and remove nail if its damaged to much soak in acetone 30 mins or cotton bud soak and wrap in foil leave until ready to come off

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Module 25: Forms and Record Keeping

First and foremost, you will need forms for registering new customers.

Salon-specific forms aside, you will need the following on at least a one-off basis:

Forms for registering new employees with HMRC.

Business insurance forms, as well as claim forms just in case you need them at a later date.

Forms for new employees, such as disclaimers that let them acknowledge that they know of the risks of working in a salon and who they should report to if they want to undergo a risk assessment

Alongside your accountant, if you have one, you need to determine whether you will do the following:

Would you like to track transactions on an accrual basis? This means you track transactions as they happen, regardless of whether cash has flowed in or out of the business. Essentially, this is an accurate way to keep an eye on your cash flow situation. If money is owed to you or if you owe money to someone else, it is a true reflection on the financial state of your business.

Alternatively, you can choose to track cash as it flows in and out of the business. For example, rather than tracking the orders you place on supplies immediately, you track them when you pay the supplier. Many accountants prefer this method, although it does not always offer an accurate view of your business' financial activities, as you are still going to owe that supplier money.

Tracking transactions manually or digitally

In short, when you use single entry you enter the transaction just once, which is usually the approach you take when you are using a cash bookkeeping method. Using this method, if a client pays £12 for a manicure, you simply debit £12 from the account.

The double entry bookkeeping method also credits the account with the same revenue. While it may take more time, it is easier to spot mistakes when you go for double entry.

Whether or not you should use an accountant for bookkeeping depends on several factors:

How big is your business? If it is a fairly small venture and you know you will have the time to dedicate to managing the books yourself, there is no reason why you cannot cut back on the cost of an accountant and do just that. However, do always consider whether you have the right skills to do this. Bookkeeping is basic, but if you are likely to mess it up you are probably better off trying a professional service.

Would you rather spend your time focusing on other elements of your business? The time you spend bookkeeping may be better invested elsewhere if you choose to focus on something like marketing or PR, for example.

Would you like your business to grow? If you do want your business to grow, you might be better off having a professional on your side from the word go. That way, when the time to justify having an accountant comes, you are already well equipped.

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Module 7 : How to Perform a Pedicure

How to perform a pedicure

The majority of women love to show off their pedicured feet in warm weather, part of this process involves having pristine toes and some cases men like to make the most of their feet too. In the absence of an ability to perform their own pedicures, men and wormen seek out nail technicians in their locality. Unlike manicures, pedicures are quite difficult to perform at home. A lot of bending and flexing is involved which means salon treatments are the preferred method.

What do you need to perform a pedicure

Equipment and products needed:

> Foot spa or basin for holding soaking water

> Towels

> Disinfectant spray

> Non-acetone nail polish remover or non-acetone nail polish remover pads

> Cotton pads (if using nail polish remover)

> A foot file or pumice stone

> Foot scrub/exfoliator

> Cuticle remover

> Moisturiser/Foot cream

> Nail files/emery board, buffers, cuticle sticks, nail clippers, cuticle nipper

> A polish of the clients choosing

> A high quality base coat and top coat

How do you perform a pedicure

Prepare your equipment

Prepare your tools and products, also get the foot spa ready for use before the client comes so your prepared. Always make sure you test the temperature first before the client puts their feet in.

Sanitise and remove old nail polish

Apply disinfectant spray to feet, wipe over the clients nail bed to removeany excess polis, using non-acetone remover. As with manicures whether you can see any nail polish or not, you should go ahead and remove it. This removes any clear residue that could be present and ensures the nail is completely cleansed for polishing.Non-acetone remover will be sufficient, acetone remover is not recommended for this treatment being too harsh.

Buff calluses

Start by removing the dead skin from the clients feet this can be with a pumice stone, tool or machine, sometimes the client may need this done after the exfoliation as well. Take the pumice stone or foot file and begin tackling the calluses as you see them, work on them until they are smooth but only use light movements. Your working on human skin not a rusty gate, you only need to smooth the calluses so they look good. Now this is a vigorous part of the tratment, people come to you after a winter of stuffing their feet into socks, tights and tough shoes because they need their feet to look less rough. This means you are going to need to tackle their calluses, which you can usually find on the big toes around the balls of the feet and the heels.

Exfoliate the feet

Exfoliate over the clients feet and ankles this will be more of a harsh exfoliator as the feet tend to be drier and get more hard skin. Cover the feet completely and massage the exfoliator into them in an upward motion for about two to three minuets on each foot, try to move past the ankles a little as this allows you to tackle the feet in their entirety.

Soak your clients feet

Then get the client to put their feet in the foot spa (or soak basin). Soak for 10 minutes, Unlike the hands which are relatively soft anyway the feet need 10 minutes of soaking to soften. Soaking for this long makes it easier to remove dead skin later, again you may want to shave a couple of minutes off if you are dealing with runners. While the clients is having his or her feet soaked, consider getting them a magazine or a drink. Gently remove the exfoliator whilst the clients feet are soaking and get them to put one foot up on the stool or your leg pat the clients foot dry and if needed go over again with dead skin remover repeat on other foot.

Clip and shape the toenails

Clipping the toenails is essential, toe nails tend to snag and generally look unattractive when long. Using a toe nail clipper , remove as much excess nail as you can. The aim is to make it so that the nail barely grazes your finger when you run it across the tip of the toe. After clipping the toe nails, you need to shape them using a file or emery board. In many cases clients prefer to have toe nail shapes that bridge the gap between square and round, this is also known as a soft square. While doing this, try to hold your file at a 45-degree angle.

Taking care of the cuticles

Apply cuticle remover and soak feet again, dry feet and push back the cuticles removing any lose cuticle. Use the cuticle stick to push them back a little but as with the hands you do not want to push the cuticles too far back. Doing so can lead to bacterial infections, as it breaks down the barrier between the nail plate and nail bed. Use cuticles nippers to tidy cuticles if needed. Use nail polish remover to take the cuticle remover off and then proceed to massage the clients feet ankles and leg with moisturiser.(At this point you may want to move the foot spa away as this can start to get in the way- this can be done by a colleague.)

Moisturise and massage the feet

This is one of the most relaxing elements of a pedicure. As the feet are tougher and have thicker skin than most of the body, you will need to use a moisturiser that is specifically designed for them. You may want to take two approaches here, if you are performing a basic pedicure, moisturise the feet generously and move the moisturiser upwards as you did when you were using the exfoliator. If on the other hand, youre performing a luxury pedicure you may first want to leave the moisturiser to soak like a mask. You can do this with specialist wraps and socks, leave it for 10 minutes and offer the client a magazine or a beverage while they wait for the moisturiser to soak in. Once you have finished moisturising and massaging make sure you use a little nail polish remover to remove the excess from the nails, being and oil-based product moisturiser does not make it easy for you to paint nails. make sure to wipe the nail beds really clean and see if any buffing needs doing.

Polishing the nails

Before you begin polishing the nails you may want to use a toe separator- so that when the toenails are painted, contact with one or more adjacent toes/ toe nails is avoided. This saves embarrassing accidents that you will only have to correct afterwards.

You then need to paint the toes using the following approach:

>Apply the base coat first and wait for two minutes

>Add a first coat of colour polish and wait for two minutes

>Add a second coat of colour and wait for two minutes

>Apply top coat to seal your work- two coats recommended

Apply polish

Even when it looks as though your work is dry, the chances are it isnt. Nail polish will be 'touch dry' after 15-20 minutes but will still be easily damaged. As such your client should ideally allow up to one hour to ensure all fully dried.Usinng a specialist salon dryer will halp nails dry quicker. For nail polish to dry on feet - always advise your client to bring flip flops with them to their appointments as this will save them waiting an hour, and also putting their foot back in their shoe which will ruin the polish.

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Module 1: Introduction to Nail Technology

Read everything carefully
make sure I understand

Module 1

5000 years since first manicure.

personal attributes

Patience: Each job is intricate and delicate

Design: As well as the basic designs you will learn when you start out, you need to learn how to create your own and draw inspiration from your clients to produce the nails of their dreams

Organisation: This is particularly important if you take the management element of this course and use it to develop your own business. Organisation requires you to manage your marketing, your client base, and your staff. You may eventually reach a point where you have enough money to let others do some of this for you, but much of the responsibility rests on your shoulders as a technician.

People skills: You will be working with people throughout the day and will need to use your people skills to develop a good reputation for yourself and maintain your business

Passion: Being a nail technician involves hard work and requires dedication, and takes time to build up to where you want to be.

Everyday is different as every client has individual taste, will be doing

Basic treatments, cleaning and filing nails. This includes manicures and pedicures.

Applying false nails and extensions. Decorating both real and false nails.

Checking for signs of skin and nail damage prior to beginning treatments.

Maintaining hygiene control before, during, and after treatments.

Taking care of nails that have chipped and broken, both false and real.

Offer luxury nail treatments for both sexes, using different brands.

It is worth bearing in mind that nail technician work with hands as much as they work with feet. While the majority of your work will focus on hands, especially during the winter, clients requiring pedicures will come your way too. Clients find pedicures to be therapeutic, which means you need to adopt the right skills for making people relax.

Module Summary

Nail technology has been around for thousands of years. Today, the industry is incredibly diverse, catering to the needs of both men and women.

A typical nail technician requires a blend of creativity, people skills, patience, and passion.

While the industry is booming, you are also going to need some business skills to make the most of your training.

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Module 11 : Nail Tips (French Manicure Nail Tips and Artificial Nail Tips with Acrylic)

ACRYLIC BEAD- To test that it is dry, tap one gently on to the side of a table or hard surface, and, if it makes a solid tapping sound, it has set.

base coat prevents staining

use pintrest and instagram for nail art inspiration- if client has an event, think of outfit colour.

for full removal of acrylics, soak in acetone

The chemicals, such as acetone and glues can be harsh to the nail and strip it off essential oils and moisture needed for growth.

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Module 5 : Client Consultation and Communication, Preparing Your Client

Client Consultation and Communication, Preparing Your Client

5.1 Welcoming your client and making sure they are comfortable

Establish his or her needs

communicate and manage their expectations

offer to take your clients coat, bag and place somewhere safe

offer a drink and ask if they would like to use the toilet

make sure they are sitting comfortably as they will be sitting in that posiotion for a while

5.2 Establishing what it is that your client wants

Whoever your client is, you need to figure out wether they need:

A particular colour or tone
Whether they want to keep their nails natural, or whether they would like to go for the fake effect
How long they need the nails to last
Whether they want any nail art

Once you know get all supplies ready as doing in advance ensures moving through each treatment smoothly without disturbing the setting or ambience

5.3 Giving your client a little guidance

work through a range of colours and styles that are protentially suitable

establish what their personal sense of style is and how they want to come across

Nails can say alot about a person

shades like red screams classic

shades like neon screams wild

when finding out what your client wants write in their notes incase they want it again in the future knowing shape, length, nail type, (gel,polish,acrylic). will make client feel comfortable and make them want to come back

5.4 Instructing your client how to engage in nail care

after working with a client you need to help them engage in good nail care.

give a few tips for making sure they do not chip their nails within hours of leaving the salon

5.5 Maintaining a good relationship with your client

Knowing how to communicate with your client so you always maintain a good relationship is good for your buisness

Ask them about themselves and their day
not talking about your problems
recogniseing when a client doesnt want to talk
have a bit of a joke with them
compliment them

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Module 9 : Arm and Hand Massage

Module 9: Arm and Hand Massage

Basic Arm and Hand Massage

The arm and hand massage conducted by a professional nail technician is the most rewarding part of a manicure.

Anyone can cut their nails and polish and paint them to a certain level, However it is impossible for someone to give themselves an arm and hand massage this is relaxing. When offering nail services it is important that the nail technician offer a proper arm and hand massage that will help improve circulation and dexterity for their client. There are steps provided in this module to help you learn the proper basics for a massage. To massage correctly it is important to know the arm and hand muscles that can cause knots, pain and be tightened due to use. A massage is supposed to target the muscles and nerves to relax them as a way of making your client feel better.

Anatomy of the Arm, Wrist and Hand

The forearm to the wrist and the hand will be the area you massage.

Forearm

The forearm has two long bones called the radius and ulna, which forms the radiolnar joint with membranes that connect the two bones. Around the bones are many muscles some of which are more important to massage technique than others. The flexors and extensors of the digits and flexor of the elbow are often used for typing and lifting. The pronators and supinators are what allow the hand to face down or upwards. The radial nerve helps the extensors move, while the median nerve moves the flexors. There is also the ulnar nerve that runs the entire length of the forearm. When massaging you want to be careful to use a slight touch around the nerves, but you also need pressure to help work out the muscles.

Hand

The hand has 27 bones including phalanges and metacarpals. It is The metacarpals that connect the fingers to the wrist. For muscles the hand can be divided into teo groups: extrinsic and intrinsic. Intrinsic muscles run through the thumb and little finger, as well as providing four dorsal muscles (back of the hand muscles). There are also lumbrical myscles that link to the deep flexor. Extrinsic muscles are on the underside including two flexors that link the forearm. They enter the finger bones through tendons. These are the muscles mostly responsible for the ability to move the fingerss up and down, curl them as well as how you type. The Thenar group of extrinsic muscles link to the thumbs to make grasping by thumb possible. With many muslcles spread throughout the hands, as well as many bones, it is important to be light in touch. It is very easy to bruise the back of the hand or pull a muscle in the fingers by being too rough during a massage.

Massage Medium

Already you have the client soaking their hands in preparation for cutting and shaping the nails. This is relaxing and you will have to apply lotion to the cuticles for their health. A natural part of applying lotion is to ensurethe entire arm and hand is relaxed. You want to choose a massage medium that will be light, so as not to be painful, but one that is also stimulating to the muscles and nerves. always ask you client how the massage feels to avoid any uncomfortable pressure.

Starting the Massage

Differing schools of thought will tell you eiither start from the hand and move up yo the elbow or the opposite way around. In traditional massage schools and in keeping Asian traditions it is best to move from the elbow down. The idea is for the flow of blood and oxygen to be moved into the extremities of the body while also removing toxins by working it out from the elbow through the finger tips. You will hold the client's hand in one hand to offer support while you massage with the other hand.

Technique

The first time you begin, start with the oil rubbing it from the elbow down the hand. This is before you apply the cuticle lotion. If you want to you can also use lotion instead of oil. It is best to ask the client for their preference in the event of allergies; especially, if you typically use a scented lotion or oil. Once the oil is rubbed in you can determine which technique you would like to use. Massage technique for nail technicians is usually a slight pinch of the skin as you work out the knots and stretch the arm. Not all clients like this technique, so you may want to vary it with a deeper massage using your hands, particularly your fingers to kneed the skin and work on the knots the person may have in their arms. As stated, you always want to work in a downward motion towards the fingers relaxing the arm as you go.

Hand Portion of the Massage

For the hand portion of the massage, you still want to use a light touch using your fingers and thumb. Start with the palm of the hand. The thumb should be run down the centre of the palm and out each finger and thumb. You also want to lightly pinch the skin between the thumb and index finger and in between each finger. A little pressure for a few moments is a reflexology massage option. It is designed to relax the hand and help work out stress in other partss of the body the persoon may be feeling. For the back of the hand hold it in your two hands, using your thumbs to massage while gently flexing the hand. Again pull your hand down the finger to give a light pull and massage each finger. As you do this one arm the oil or lotion is rubbed in while the client is feeling more relaxed.

The Wrist

Once you have the arm and hand relaxed it is time to spend a little time with the wrist. You want to gently move the wrist up and down. You also want to massage a little around the wrist with your thumbs. To finish up lace your fiingers with the client, hold the wrist, and gently flex the wrist backward. At the end of the process you are going to give a few light motions up and then down the arm to truly relax the arm. You will need to repeat the process for the other hand.

Upward Motion

An upward motion may be more appropriate for the salon you work at. Many nail technicians learn to go up rather than down. If you choose this method you will still start on the lower arm after you rub in the lotion. You will go up the arm pinching the skin lightly, and rubbing a bit deeper with your hand. You will still hold the arm in one hand while you massage with the other.

Speaking with the Client

Now that you have an overview of the muscles and how they relate to the arm and hand movements, as well as information on massage techniques, it is time to consider the cient. You definitely need to speak with the client before you start any massage. Clients can have particular requests regarding the message movements, technique, or they may have concerns. For example, an older client with arthritis may find your usual pressure is too much or a finger or two might lock up in a painful position based on the movements or nerves you touch. Massaging the hand and lower arm is about more than just making the client feel better from the movements you make. It is also about the psychological aspects. A total massage mood is needed to ensure the client can relax, feel the movements, and let their stress go. Reflexology is particularly popular as a hand massage technique because it is meant to reduce stress through the different movements and massage techniques you use, such as pinching the skin between the thumb and index finger. It is a good idea to practise your technique with friends and family. They are the most honest when it comes to saying something about your technique; especially if they are truly willing to help you. Make certain that you practise you technique before you use it on clients.

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Module 12 : Basic Nail Art

nail prep-

-wash hands

-remove any polish

-shape nails

-buff nails

-trim cuticles

types of nail art-

-painting tips a different colour (last module)

-adding jewels and stickers

use a similar tool or a very thin paintbrush to draw rough 'C' and 'U' shapes around each dot.

use the tip of a wax pencil crayon and place it on.

-glitter nails

-polka dot designs

-leopard print

nail art steps-

-prep (above)

-base coat

-dry/cure

-colour base coat

-dry/cure

-choose a nail art (above)

-dry/cure

-seal with top coat

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Module 15 : An Introduction to Salon Management

apply for permission from your local council to get the business started after finding a suitable place to start up

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Module 17 : Setting up a Salon and Red Tape

creating your business plan -

clarifies what your business idea is, the potential problems preventing you from success, what your goals are, measurements of progress. find free templates from government websites. is the foundation for business' organisation.

financing and banking -

finding investors avoids banks also time consuming, crowdfunding also time consuming but more casual, loans are easy to access for those that have good credit rating but not for those without, charity grants often restrict people who fall into tight categories such as potential young business owners.

forming a company -

only necessary if youre earning over £70,000 a year. forming a company means you go from owning a salon to having one that is a private limited company.

finding a location for your business -

need to avoid areas that are in the middle of nowhere, avoid places where there are already lots of nail shops, avoid places that are not family friendly.

taxes and VAT -

the larger your business becomes the more likely you will need a regular accountant. may find yourself needing one for your PAYE and bankrolls allowing you to focus on building your business while a professional manages your employees' finances.

health and safety -

when first setting up your salon you will need to ensure you adhere to health and safety guidelines: you must look at the health and safety executive guidelines for setting up your own business, public liability insurance is a requirement as is employers liability insurance, ensure area is well ventilated, 2 clean sources of water used seperately for cleaning equipment and washing hands between every client, ensure you have a HSE poster displayed, make sure there is a way for staff to report injuries in the workplace, look at performing risk assessments at regular intervals (some insurance companies even require you to do this).

new business requirements and regulations -

environmental health: safe disposal of chemicals, not contaminating water supplies, local people or local wildlife.

business laws: small investments can save a lot of money further down the line. always remember to draw on the advice of professionals whenever you feel stuck, costs more money but can prevent legal problems further down the line. form a business plan at the beginning and remember it is fluid, can altger circumstances which is the aim. investigate all forms of finance available higher chance of finding a financial resource that wont impact your credit rating or current assets.

consumer protection act -

put into effect in 1987, act of legislation to protect consumer rights when purchasing goods or services. standard claims include: credit and store card fraud or isrepresentation, faulty or poor servicesand rogue traders.

main nail applications for consumer protection: faulty services are where most claims occur.

sale of goods act -

put in effect in 1979 before consumer protection act. specific rules must be followed by sellers and retailers. when a client buys goods, it means there is a contract made with the seller.

from a clients perspective: client has the right to obtain proper in date goods from a place of business. particularly for any shampoo, conditioner, massage lotion, nail polish or any other items sold in a nail salon.

from a business owners perspective: the seller must also follow the sale of goods act as it pertains to the contract between seller and retail buyer.

trade descriptions act -

1968 created by parliament in the UK, prevents manufacterers and retailers from selling services or goods through misleading means.

trade description of goods: strict liability offence to mislead a client regarding goods such as nail polish and other items a salon might sell. a standard manicure is a soak, nail clipping, cuticle work, nail filing, massage, polish covering the nail. for owners and employees being clear in descriptions of all services and goods is a must.

electicity at work act -

1989 provides regulations one must meet to avoid electricity hazards within the work place.

electrical equipment: must be installed properly, ensuring outlets are a safe distance from any water. surge protectors must be in the wall and not running along the floor in the event of a spill in a nail salon. pedicure stations need to be plugged in with wires checked periodically for any issues that could cause a short. when creating the hand bath, the bowl should be deep enough to avoid any spills and all electrical outlets need to be placed a safe distance from the workstation with water.

suitability of equipment: all equipment must be maintained or replaced if not safe. eg. buffing tool for acrylic nails may be near the same work station as the water bath, however the water should be removed before any electrical equipment is plugged in for use.

local authority by laws -

employees have responsibility: your responsibility to ensure employees are retrained if something is being done incorrectly. if employees are not adhering to their responsibilities even after retraining it is your responsibility to terminate their employment.

fines: overall responsibility is to keep the business open, also ensuring all employee health and safety.

public liability and employers liability insurance -

1969. legislation requires all businesses to carry liability insurance which covers the public and employees. employers are responsible for health and safety of all workers and public in their place of business.

specifics act: insurance to cover any injuryor disease that may occur at the workplace.

certain cover is a must: there are things they cannot refuse to pay for - even if you did not provide reasonable protection for your employees cover must still be provided fcor employee claims should injury or disease result. even if you do not have specific records that you can give to the insurer they cannot withhold compensation. if you have an employee you trained against doing something improper and they ended up hurt by doing what you specifically trained them not to do the insurance company must provide cover. if you have not done something you were told to do by the HSE or insurance company, the company cannot withhold compensation. even if you have not met certain legal requirements you can still obtain compensation.

how much cover do i need ?

at least £5million in cover for each policy.

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Module 14 : Health and Hygiene

keep it well ventilated can be associated with respiratory and neurological conditions .

single towel use as they carry bacteria

aprons and gloves

make sure to have a bin

make sure you have good personal hygiene and wah aprons and change gloves

waterproof plasters if cut etc

wash hands constantly

clean dry and store equitment correctly

properly sterlisise

can was only use once

clean work surface

creams and other liquids can cause cross contanination if not separte and stored properly

only open sterlise equitment before starting treatment

do not touch sharp ends of equitment

public health bodies

public health england

public health wales

scottish public health network

public health agency of nothern ireland

all have their own guidlines for a range of buisnesses salons included

it is illegal not to follow public health guidlines and dangerous for you and the clinets can lead to fines and criminal prosectution

get public liability insurance

pay close attention to health and saftey

health and saftey was realised in 1974

COSHH meaning control of substances hazardous to health

reduce exposure to harmful chemiclas

moinitoring and health surveillance is required by law incase any emergencies that might arise

have to have signs up regarding hazardous chemicals managemenr assesments and emergency plans like in case of fire signs and acidental spills etc

training is needed to all employees.

understand particular hygeine issues like fungus people might have as can be contageous

70 degrees c washing towels and dry replace any old towels

bleach and 70 degrees c water to clean

cleaning products commercial specifically for nail salons

two differnt sets for maincures and pedicures so no cross contaimination hands and feet

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Module 16 : Start a Salon, Become a Mobile Technician, or Work for Someone Else?

One of the biggest perks of starting your own salon is that you have nobody to answer to. The chances are, if you are heading into the nail technician industry, you enjoy being a little creative.

When you are working for someone else, you may find that your artistic license is somewhat stifled. Managing your own salon, however, you get to take control.

Another one of the biggest benefits is managing your own profits. Newbies to the industry may find themselves working for little more than minimum wage. Let's face it, who wants that really when they could give their earnings a serious kick?

Finally, starting your own salon is exciting. You are heading on a big adventure and the prospect of seeing your business bloom and blossom is enticing.

Sadly, most new businesses fail, which means starting a new salon is not something you should do with poor preparation. You need to research your industry, get the right funds, have a business plan, and draw in outside help from professionals like accountants and solicitors, who will make sure you are doing everything the right way.

Starting your own salon also takes up much more time than simply heading to your workplace on a 9 to 5 basis. You are going to be the first one there, the last to leave, and there will be work to do outside of these hours.

Do you love freedom AND the idea of starting your own business?

Then becoming a mobile technician might be for you. Unlike when you start your own salon, you'll be able to venture into the world of self-employment without having to lay your hands on large amounts of cash.

Many of the benefits that come with being a mobile technician mirror those that come with owning your own salon.

You get to determine your own profits (within reason), you get to set your own hours, and you have artistic license that is not determined by a salon owner's policy.

What has not been mentioned in the salon owner section is that you need to manage your own self-employment taxes. When you do this, you either have to hire an accountant or take care of your own accounts. Failing to stay on top of this aspect of your business can result in fines.

In addition to managing your own taxes, you need to take care of your own public liability insurance. When it comes to running a mobile service, this also extends to business car insurance, which is designed to protect you, your car, and your equipment.

Most people who venture into the world of nail art will find themselves working for a salon initially.

Unless you have the right start-up capital and a bunch of people willing to use you as their technician straight away, diving straight into starting your own business immediately usually is not feasible.

One of the major benefits of working for a salon is how convenient the pay is. You are guaranteed to get some form of pay, as you do not have to worry about drumming up business yourself. In addition, you will find that the salon owner takes care of your PAYE, sick pay, and other work-related benefits.

You also get to dodge marketing your own business, which is a small mercy for those who are not ready to learn how to market. In the meantime, you immerse yourself in an environment where you can make connections and potentially find a few tips and tricks for marketing in the future. If you are lucky, you will meet a few regular customers through someone else's salon, which gives you the chance to carry them over to your own business, should you choose to start one.

Salons very rarely pay much above minimum wage and the chances of reaching a fairly decent hourly wage are quite small in some areas.

In addition, you might find that your creative license is a little stagnated. All salons have their own policies, which mean they may not enjoy your approach to nail art, or they might use products you do not want to use.

Overall, there are benefits to all three scenarios. In many cases, people begin by working for someone else in a salon, and eventually progress onto opening their own business using the transferable skills they have gained.

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Module 21: Merchandising Your Salon

The products you sell

How you market your products

How you place your products

When your clients come into your salon, they partially do so to relax. As such, you can't find yourself or allow your staff to constantly plug items. It stops the salon experience from being relaxing, and turns it into a period of stress.

This means you need to strike the right balance between casual product promotion and active.

Determine Which Products Your Salon is Going to Carry

Do you already have a line of products in mind?

If not, you need to begin focusing on the nail polishes and related products that have an excellent reputation.

When your clients walk into your salon, they need to be able to access products that they may not find elsewhere. In other words, you can't just stick Rimmel and L'Oreal on your shelves; you need to focus on harder-to-access brands, such as O.P.I.

Once you have determined which products you are going to promote, you need to begin setting the right visuals.

How are you going to categorise your products?

Will you group brands together?

Or are you going to start focusing on putting the same kinds of products close to each other?

To make this process easier, you also need to focus on signage. Make it clear that the nail polishes you advertise are actually for sale i.e. they aren't just there to look pretty on display. Make it clear to clients that they are able to purchase them too.

Do not be shy when it comes to flaunting the products you are selling.

If you are not enthusiastic about them, you can hardly expect your customers to be enticed by them. Instead, create a display that people will see as soon as they walk into the building.

One of the best places for this is the waiting area. If customers do not have something to do while there, they might start picking up nail polishes and other products. When they spend time around the items you are selling, the chances of them making a purchase increases.

When creating a feature product display, you need to do the following:

Do not make it too crowded. Instead, use a few items sparingly. Doing this does not just make it easier for customers to take a look; it creates the illusion that the few products you are choosing to highlight are special, and therefore worth having.

Highlight why you are placing those particular products there. Are they suitable for a season that is just around the corner? Are they new in stock? Whatever the reason is, highlight it. Don't have a reason? Get creative and invent one. Customers need to be enticed and it is your job to make sure that happens.

Decorate the product area to accentuate them. As discussed in the earlier chapter on décor, the aim isn't to dwarf the products using too many decorations. Instead, you need to use the decorations as a background element. A great example of this is using candy canes as decoration during Xmas promotions, rather than smothering the nail polishes with tinsel.

Doing this is not just about making sure you push as many products as possible, it is central to maintaining a professional image. In the salon world, this means identifying yourself as a trend setter.

At the same time, you need to make sure you do the following:

Keep everything well stocked. Arrangements look messy when there is a product missing. Try to refill as soon as you have sold an item, or at least at the end of every day.

Develop a sense of uniformity when it comes to shelves. This means keeping products in straight lines

They may not work every time, but they can be used as fall back marketing methods when you see a dip in sales:

Make the most of your window space. Your windows exist as free advertising space, so make sure you use them.

Make sure your shelves and displays are facing mirrors so that customers can see them no matter where they are sat.

Ensure you blend a mixture of small and large products next to one another.

Stick to using odd numbers of products together, such as three or five items rather than two or four. This might seem strange, but it's a marketing trick that has been proven to work.

Experiment with a variety of colours and themes. Each time you make a change, take a photo and store it somewhere. If you notice that sales were higher while using a particular promotion, you can return to that photo and use it as a point of reference.

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Frequently Asked Questions

To progress on to the next module of your course scroll to the bottom of the current module and press the “NEXT” button. This will take you directly to the following module.

Once you have completed the last module of the course please click on the button at the bottom of the module that says “START”. This will take you to the test.

The pass mark for the end of course test is 70%

Yes, you can re-take your test as many times as you need to.

No, once you have passed a test it is not possible to retake it.

When logging on to your course directly through our site you have lifetime access.

Click on the “My Profile” button at the top of any page on our site. This will take you to your profile page. Once there scroll down to the section headed “Edit Your Profile” and enter your new password.

Please click here to contact our student support team

If you would like to go back and view a completed module you can do this by clicking the “Course Modules” option from the side bar menu of your course. This will take you to a list of the modules contained within your course. Simply select the module you wish to study again.

Please click here to find out how to save your course modules as PDF files

Worksheets

Module 2 : Anatomy of the Skin

Module 14 : Health and Hygiene

Module 17 : Setting up a Salon and Red Tape

Module 18 : Salon Decoration

Module 20: Setting Your Pricing

Module 22: Employees and Staffing

Module PDF's

Module 1: Introduction to Nail Technology

Module 2 : Anatomy of the Skin

Module 3 : Nail Anatomy

Module 4 : Preparing Your Work Area

Module 5 : Client Consultation and Communication, Preparing Your Client

Module 6 : How to Perform a Manicure

Module 7 : How to Perform a Pedicure

Module 8 : Artificial Nails

Module 9 : Arm and Hand Massage

Module 10 : Gel Polish

Module 11 : Nail Tips (French Manicure Nail Tips and Artificial Nail Tips with Acrylic)

Module 12 : Basic Nail Art

Module 13 : Nail Maintenance

Module 14 : Health and Hygiene

Module 15 : An Introduction to Salon Management

Module 16 : Start a Salon, Become a Mobile Technician, or Work for Someone Else?

Module 17 : Setting up a Salon and Red Tape

Module 18 : Salon Decoration

Module 19: Marketing Your Nail Salon / Service

Module 20: Setting Your Pricing

Module 21: Merchandising Your Salon

Module 22: Employees and Staffing

Module 23: Customer Relationship Management

Module 24: Managing Costs

Module 25: Forms and Record Keeping

5 Ways to Find Clients for your Nail Service

How to Keep Up to Date with the Latest Nail Designs/Fashions

A Guide to Finding Nail Jobs in the UK

Useful Resources

Guide to E-Files

BIAB Nails: The UK's Latest Manicure Trend Explained

Some technicians prefer to thin down or pre-etch the seam prior to gluing to avoid having to file a lot to blend, which also reduces the risk of damage to the nail plate. Liquid tip blenders can also be used, which are brushed over the plastic seam line; softening the plastic so less filing is needed. 
 
 ACRYLIC BEAD- To test that it is dry, tap one gently on to the side of a table or hard surface, and, if it makes a solid tapping sound, it has set.
base coat prevents staining
 
use pintrest and instagram for nail art inspiration- if client has an event, think of outfit colour.
 
for full removal of acrylics, soak in acetone
 
The chemicals, such as acetone and glues can be harsh to the nail and strip it off essential oils and moisture needed for growth.

My Notes